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When the mass is cystic, it is usually easy to see because the fluid in the cyst contrasts with the solid organs within the abdomen. Solid masses may be more difficult to identify.
This long axis scan demonstrates a cystic mass in the abdomen. This axial scan shows that the cystic mass occupies much of the abdomen. Note the compressed abdominal structures.
Question: Which other normal fluid structures within the fetal abdomen that might be confused for a cystic mass?
Select one or more of the options below.
A. True. The fetal stomach contains fluid and if the baby has recently swallowed a lot of amniotic fluid, it may be quite distended. You should assess its position on the left side of the abdomen, just under the diaphragm.
B. False. The gall bladder does contain fluid but unless it is abnormally dilated, it is usually very small.
C. False. The normal ovary does not contain fluid, although ovarian cysts do occur and may present as a cystic mass.
D. Possibly. Later in pregnancy, in the third trimester, the gut may contain enough fluid to be visible. You should be sure that this is a normal amount.
If in doubt, refer the patient to a specialist centre.
E. True. The fetal bladder should be seen in all babies and can appear quite large. However, it will usually empty if you watch the baby for long enough.